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Control systems for spacecrafts and space vehicles

Operation of control system models embodied in different spacecrafts-modules

Performance data of control system (CS) for supply spacecrafts-module (SSM) and functional and cargo unit(FCU)

Peculiarity:

• CS is installed in power unit FCU that is the first component of the ISS ALPHA;
• FCU CS is a modification of basal control system which was qualified completely during preparation and mission of modules QUANTUM-2, CRYSTAL, SPECTRUM and NATURE. Development chronology-1994…1997.
• Performance data of the CS for FCU is in accordance of those for the SSM. In addition the FCU CS will provide the specified spatial orientation during docking to FCU of the rendez -vous module NODE1 Unity delivered by re-used spacecraft SHUTTLE as well as the orientation of joint structure FCU+NODE1 during direct docking of SHUTTLE the next time;
• This CS can be used to construct other components of the ISS ALPHA. To expand the CS functionality and to upgrade its performance it can be supplemented with additional HW and SW. Such modification will provide combined operation of FCU CS and CS of other ISS components as well as the operation of ISS different configurations during its assembling and operation.

Ability

• pre-launch preparation in automatic mode;
• spatial orientation and stabilization;
• orbital maneuvering (orbit’s altitude correction included);
• docking to the orbital station in automatic mode;
• keeping of spatial orientation for new-formed structure (after docking);
• driving components of the spacecraft’s adjacent systems (main engine, steering devices, pyro-tools etc.);
• functional control of own operational status and self-reconfiguration for fail-tolerant operation during all mission phases.

Detailed performance data:

• For SSM:

  - Spatial orientation accuracy, deg. better than 1;
  - Keeping orientation accuracy, ang. min 30…90;

• For joint structure FCU+NODE1:

  - Accuracy of spatial orientation in orbital frame system, ang. min better than 60;
  - Accuracy of the thrust manoeuvre at SSM/FCU injection, m/s, 0,05…0,2;

• Duration of active life, years till 5;
• Power consumption in different flight modes, wt:

  - average 400;
  - maximum 900;

• Environment temperature condition, ( oC) +5…+35.

Control system for space vehicle ÀÑÎS ( Antomatically Controlled Orbital Station )

Control system provides spatial orientation and stabilization of space vehicle which is intended for exploration of Sun. This system can be used for various spacecrafts or satellites which operation needs sun orentation.

Ability:

• space vehicle’s angular rate quenching after separation from launcher;
• space vehicle’s reference axis orientation in direction to geometric centre of Sun;
• putting the space vehicle into spin-stabilized state followed the CS disabling;
• control of own operational status, self-reconfiguration for fail-tolerant operation, diagnostics and telemetry.

Performance data:

• spatial orienation accuracy, ang. min < 10;
• stabilization angular rate, deg/S < 0,005;
• spinning, deg/S 1,0;
• duration of active life, years ³ 1;
• power consumption in different flight modes, wt:

  - day-average 360;
  - maximum 900;

• environment temperature condition, ° C 5 … 35.

Control system for spacecraft 71Õ6

SC 71Õ6 is orbital segment of the universal system "Oko-1" for Earth observation (Russia).
Rocket and space complex and spacecrafts 71Õ6 of this system were developed by RPO named after S.A. Lavochkin.
Since the year 1991 seven SCs were injected into geo-stationary orbit by LV «Proton» with boosting stage.

Satellite characteristics:

• mass 2600 kg,
• operation life 5-7 years.

The satellite is equipped by IR-telescope with diameter of main mirror of 1 m. Length of blend is 4,5 m.

Control system allows to solve the following tasks:

• damping of initial angular rates and building of single-axis orientation on Sun;
• building of three-axis basic orientation on Earth;
• precision orientation in phases of implementation of target task;
• correction of orbit;
• checking and diagnosis of equipment with automatic parrying of failures.

Control system characteristics:

• accuracy of orientation no worse than 8 min of arc,
• angular rate of stabilization no more than 0,0001 deg/s.

Control system for space vehicle Coupon

CS is intended to control satellite of COUPON family that form space segment of satellite tele- and data communications system ( STDCS ) BANKER. This STDCS consist of satellite onboard retransmitters and local ground communications terminals formed ground segment.
Just thanks to CS capability onboard retransmitters are equipped with active phase array antennae with electronic adjustment. This quality allows to obtain onboard antennae precise pointing toward ground terminals and their extent spotting. Thereby ground terminal’s antennae don’t require satellite tracking.

Functionality:

• satellite’s angular rate quenching after separation from launcher’s space stage;
• satellite’s initial orientation;
• three-axis inertial frame based satellite’s specified orientation holding;
• keeping the precise orientation by means of electro-fly- wheel final control elements and small draught jet engines;
• satellite’s orbit correction to hold subsatellite point;
• built-in check / diagnostics and telemetry;
• in-line own operational status monitoring during mission and automatic faults consequence avoidance, without aim operation interrupting;
• CS reconfiguration by means of mission data modification.

Detailed performance data:

• predicted values of satellite orientation accuracy in the direction to:

  - Polaris - not worst than 7 ang. min;
  - Sun - not worst than 8 ang. min;
  - The Earth - not worst than 10 ang. min.

• angular stabilization error in relation to 60 S time interval average:

  -around longitudal axis - not worst than 50 ang. sec;
  -around other axises - not worst than 8 ang. sec;

• duration of active life – not less than 5 years;
• power consumption in flight modes:

  - average - 360 Wt;
  - maximum - 900 Wt.

Control system for spacecraft "Arkon"

"Arkon" is a highly maneuverable SC for the system of Earth operative observation..
Prime developer is RPO named after S.A. Lavochkin (Russia).
Into elliptical orbit (with altitude 1500-2800 km) and near-circular orbit (with altitude 1500-1800 km) by LV «Proton» with boosting stage it was injected the SC:

• Kosmos-2344 – in 1997,
• Kosmos-2392 – in 2002.

mass – 500 êã.
The optoelectronic devices installed on the SC allow to obtain digital pictures with resolution of 1 m.

Control system allows to solve the following tasks:

• damping of initial angular rates and building of single-axis orientation on Sun;
• building of three-axis basic orientation on Earth and programmed inertial orientation;
• angular maneuvers and precision orientation in phases of implementation of target task;
• correction of orbit;
• calibration of meters of angular rate;
• checking and diagnosis of equipment with automatic parrying of failures.

Control system characteristics:

• accuracy of orientation no worse than 2 min of arc,
• angular rate of stabilization no more than 0,0002 deg/s.

Control system for satellite "Egyptsat-1"

Satellite "Egyptsat-1" is orbital segment of the complex for Earth remote sensing. This satellite is developed by state-owned enterprise DB "Yuzhnoe" for the order by Egypt. The control system is together developed with RPE "Hartron-Ukom".
On 17.04.2007 satellite "Egyptsat-1" was injected by launch-vehicle "Dnepr" into circular sun-synchronous orbit with parameters:

• altitude ~670 km,
• inclination ~98 deg,
• period 98,0 min.

Satellite characteristics:

• mass 160 kg,
• operation life 3 years.

Satellite is equipped with following:

• optoelectronic devices for observation:

  - multi-spectral and panchromatic polyzonal scanner with resolution 8 m
  and width of view ~ 50 km,
  -middle-infrared scanner with width of view ~ 55 km,

• e-mail hardware for reception/transmission of messages for subscribers to ground terminals.

Control system allows to solve the following tasks:

• damping of initial angular rates and building of orbital orientation;
• SC pointing to a given area of surveying on Earth's surface;
• implementation of a given control program by equipment installed on SC;
• solution of navigation task using information from GPS;
• checking and diagnosis of equipment with automatic switching to stand-by equipment;
• reception and decoding of instructions from ground control complex;
• transmission of information from SC to ground control complex and ground station for reception of information.

Control system characteristics:

• accuracy of satellite orientation during pointing to surveying area no worse than 0,2 deg,
• angular rate of stabilization during survey no more than 0,005 deg/s,
• accuracy of satellite orientation in on-duty mode between surveys no worse than 5 deg,
• angular rate of stabilization in on-duty mode between surveys no more than 0,01 deg/s,
• duration of angular maneuver over angle ± 35 deg 60-80 s,
• mass about 34,0 kg,
• power consumption about 65,0 Watt.

Control system for satellite ÌÑ-2-8

Satellite ÌÑ-2-8 orbital segment of the complex "Sich-2", for Earth remote sensing developed for Ukraine.
The complex is intended for obtaining information about:

• crises situations (fires, floods, accidents, catastrophes);
• condition of land (vegetative cover, soil covering);
• deposits of minerals and natural resources;
• traffic streams, traffic congestion and etc.

Such information is used for solution of practical and scientific tasks on regional level and local level for resources control, planning, creation of digital maps.
This satellite is developed by state-owned enterprise DB "Yuzhnoe", the control system is together developed with RPE Hartron-Ukom.
Scheduled date of ÌÑ-2-8 satellite injection is in 2010.
Launch-vehicle is "Dnepr".

Parameters of orbit:

• type circular sun-synchronous orbit
• altitude ~670 km,,
• inclination ~98 deg,
• period 98,0 min.

Satellite characteristics:

• mass 169 kg,,
• operation life 5 years.

Satellite is equipped with following:

• optoelectronic devices for observation:

  multi-spectral and panchromatic polyzonal scanner with resolution 8 m and width of view ~ 50 km,
  middle-infrared scanner with width of view ~ 55 km

• scientific equipment "Potential".

Control system allows to solve the following tasks:

• damping of initial angular rates and building of sun orientation;
• building of orbital orientation;
• SC pointing to a given area of surveying on Earth's surface;
• implementation of a given control program by equipment installed on SC;
• solution of navigation task using information from GPS;
• checking and diagnosis of equipment with automatic switching to stand-by equipment;
• reception and decoding of instructions from ground control complex;
• transmission of information from SC to ground control complex and ground station for reception of information.

Control system characteristics:

• accuracy of satellite orientation during pointing to surveying area no worse than 0,2 deg
• angular rate of stabilization during survey no more than 0,005 deg/s
• accuracy of satellite sun orientation no worse than 5 deg
• angular rate of stabilization in sun orientation no more than 0,01 deg/s
• accuracy of satellite orbital orientation no worse than 5 deg
• angular rate of stabilization in orbital orientation no more than 0,01 deg/s
• duration of angular maneuver over angle ± 35 deg 60-80 s,
• mass about 34,0 kg
• power consumption about 65,0 Watt

Control system for satellite ÌÑ-2-8Ì

Satellite ÌÑ-2-8Ì is a modification of satellite ÌÑ-2-8, it is a part of the complex "Sich-2Ì" for Earth remote sensing.
Scheduled date of ÌÑ-2-8M satellite injection is in 2012.
Launch-vehicle is "Dnepr".

Parameters of orbit:

• type circular sun-synchronous orbit
• altitude ~670 km,
• inclination ~98 deg,
• period 98,0 min.

Satellite characteristics:

• mass 250 kg,
• operation life 5-7 years.

In distinction from satellite ÌÑ-2-8, satellite ÌÑ-2-8Ì is equipped with ammoniac propulsion system for correction of orbit.

Control system allows to solve the following tasks:

• damping of initial angular rates and building of orbital orientation;
• SC pointing to a given area of surveying on Earth's surface;
• implementation of a given control program by equipment installed on SC;
• solution of navigation task using information from GPS;
• checking and diagnosis of equipment with automatic switching to stand-by equipment;
• reception and decoding of instructions from ground control complex;
• transmission of information from SC to ground control complex and ground station for reception of information.

Control system characteristics:

• accuracy of satellite orientation during pointing to surveying area no worse than 0,2 deg,
• angular rate of stabilization during survey no more than 0,005 deg/s,
• accuracy of satellite orientation in on-duty mode between surveys no worse than 3 deg,
• angular rate of stabilization in on-duty mode between surveys no more than 0,01 deg/s,
• duration of angular maneuver over angle ± 35 deg 60-80 s,
• mass about 34,0 kg,
• power consumption about 75,0 Watt.